The EAN (European Article Numbering) is a numeric barcode that identifies a product reference at the commercial level. The GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) is the international identifier format defined by GS1, of which the EAN-13 is one variant: the GTIN encompasses several code lengths (GTIN-8, 12, 13, 14) used depending on the country or the type of unit concerned.
EAN and GTIN: the same principle, different formats
In everyday usage, "EAN" most often refers to the 13-digit barcode printed on consumer-goods packaging in Europe — the format scanned at checkout or during order picking. "GTIN" is the generic term used by GS1 at the international level to designate the whole family of these identifier formats.
This identification applies to the product or reference, not to the individual physical unit: two units of the same item carry the same EAN/GTIN. This is what distinguishes this code from the SSCC, which uniquely identifies a specific logistics unit (a pallet, a given shipping carton) rather than a generic product reference. In a warehouse, the EAN/GTIN is used to scan an item during picking, receiving checks or inventory, and feeds the WMS to reconcile physical flow with the recorded order.
FAQ
What is the difference between EAN and GTIN?
The EAN, in particular the EAN-13, is the most widespread product barcode format in Europe for consumer goods. The GTIN is the generic international term defined by GS1, which covers several formats of different lengths (GTIN-8, 12, 13, 14), of which the EAN-13 is a European special case.
Is the EAN-13 mandatory on all products?
No, there is no general legal requirement for the EAN-13. In practice, most retailers and marketplaces require it contractually to list a product on shelf or online, making it a de facto standard rather than a direct regulatory obligation.
What is the difference between GTIN and SSCC?
The GTIN identifies a product reference, the same for every unit sold worldwide. The SSCC, on the other hand, identifies a unique physical logistics unit, such as a specific pallet shipped on a given date, independent of the products it actually contains.
Related terms
Barcode / GS1 · SSCC · RFID · Packing configuration · SKU · UVC / UM · WMS.
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